Literature Citations

Nearly 800 citations are in our species accounts and other material. Scroll through this list, which is in alphabetical order, to find a reference for more detailed information. You may filter the list by searching for an author or phrase.

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Ackerman, J. T., C. A. Hartman, M. P. Herzog, J. Y. Takekawa, J. A. Robinson, L. W. Oring, J. P. Skorupa, and R. Boettcher. 2020. American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 1.0. Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.ameavo.01
Ackerman, J. T., J. M. Eadie, M. L. Szymanski, J. H. Caswell, M. P. Vrtiska, A. H. Raedeke, J. M. Checkett, A. D. Afton, T. G. Moore, F. D. Caswell, R. A. Walters, D. D. Humburg, and J. L. Yee. 2006. Effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys varies among dabbling duck species and locations. J Wildl Manage 70:799–804.
Ackerman, R. A. and M. Platter-Reiger. 1979. Water loss by Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps) eggs (Abstract). Am Zool 19:921.
Adkisson, C. S. 1996. Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra). In A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 1.0. Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.256
Ambuel, B. and S. A. Temple. 1983. Area-dependent changes in the bird communities and vegetation of southern Wisconsin forests. Ecology 64:1057–1068.
American Ornithologists’ Union. 1983. Checklist of North American Birds. 6th ed. American Ornithologists Union, Washington, D.C.
Anderson, R. M. 1907. The Birds of Iowa. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Science 11:125–417.
Anderson, S. J. and C. S. Robbins. 1981. Habitat size and bird community management. Trans N Am Wildl Nat 46:511–520.
Anderson, T. R. 1978. Population studies of European Sparrows in North America. Occas Pap Mus Nat Hist Univ Kans 70:1–58.
Andrews, R., D. Jackson, L. Jackson, T. Z. Riley, W. Suchy, and G. Zenner. 1993. Trends in Iowa Wildlife Populations and Harvest:1992. Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines.
Andrle, R. F. and J. R. Carroll. 1988. The Atlas of Breeding Birds in New York State. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
Annand, E. M. and F. R. Thompson III. 1997. Forest bird response to regeneration practices in central hardwood forests. J Wildl Manage 61:159–171.
Anonymous. 1991. Pesticide spills: Are you ready or not? Cooperative Extension Service Pm-1444, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Anteau, M. J. and A. D. Afton. 2004. Nutrient reserves of Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) during spring migration in the Mississippi Flyway: A test of the spring condition hypothesis. Auk 121:917–929.
Anteau, M. J., J. DeVink, D. N. Koons, J. E. Austin, C. M. Custer, and A. D. Afton. 2020. Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 1.0. Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.lessca.01
Apfelbaum, S. I. and P. Seelbach. 1983. Nest tree, habitat selection and productivity of seven North American raptor species based on the Cornell University nest record card program. Raptor Res 17:97–113.
Aquilana, S. M., T. E. Morreli and D. C. LeBlanc. 2003. Breeding bird communities in burned and unburned sites in a mature Indiana oak forest. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 112:186–191.
Arcese, P., M. K. Sogge, A. B. Marr, and M. A. Patten. 2002. Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia). In A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 2.0. Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.704
Armstrong, E. A. and H. L. K. Whitehouse. 1977. Behavioural adaptations of the wren (Troglodytes troglodytes). Biol Rev 52:235–294.
Arterburn, J. W. and J. A. Grzybowski. 2003. Hybridization between Glossy and White-faced Ibises. N Amer Birds 57:136–139.
Artuso, C., C. S. Houston, D. G. Smith, and C. Rohner. 2013. Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 2.0. Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.372
Askins, R. A. 2000. Restoring North America’s Birds: Lessons from Landscape Ecology. Yale University Press, New Haven, CN.
Askins, R. A. and M. J. Philbrick. 1987. Effect of changes in regional forest abundance on the decline and recovery of a forest bird community. Wilson Bull 99:7–21.
Askins, R. A., J. F. Lynch, and R. Greenberg. 1990. Population declines in migratory birds in eastern North America. Curr Ornithol 7:1–57.
Aubry, K. B. and C. M. Raley. 2002. The Pileated Woodpecker as a keystone habitat modifier in the Pacific Northwest. Pp. 257–274. In J. P. Laudenslayer, P. J. Shea, B. E. Valentine, C. P. Weatherspoon, and T. E. Lisle, Jr. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Symposium on the Ecology and Management of Dead Wood in Western Forests. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-181. Berkley, CA.
Audubon Minnesota. 2014a. Black Tern Minnesota Conservation Plan. http://mn.audubon.org/sites/default/files/black_tern_conservation_plan_10-21-2014.pd
Audubon Minnesota. 2014b. Forster’s Tern Minnesota Conservation Plan. http://mn.audubon.org/sites/default/files/forsters_tern_conservation_summary_12-31-2014.pd
Audubon Minnesota. 2014c. Franklin’s Gull Minnesota Conservation Plan. http://mn.audubon.org/sites/default/files/franklin_gull_conservation_plan_10-21-2014.pd
Audubon Minnesota. 2014d. Upland Sandpiper Minnesota Conservation Plan. http://mn.audubon.org/sites/default/files/upland_sandpiper_conservation_plan_10-23-2014_1.pd
Augenfeld, K. H., S. B. Franklin, and D. H. Snyder. 2008. Breeding bird communities of upland hardwood forest 12 years after shelterwood logging. Forest Ecol Manage 255:1271–1282.
Badyaev, A. V., V. Belloni, and G. E. Hill. 2012. House Finch (Haemorhous mexicanus). In A. F. Poole (Ed.) Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.46
Baicich, P. J. and C. J. O. Harrison. 1979. Nests, Eggs, and Nestlings of North American Birds. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford. 347 pp.
Baicich, P. J. and C. J. O. Harrison. 1997. A Guide to the Nests, Eggs, and Nestlings of North American Birds. Second Edition. Natural World Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 347 pp.
Baicich, P. J. and C. J. O. Harrison. 2005. A Guide to the Nests, Eggs and Nestlings of North American Birds. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Bailey, A. M., R. J. Niedrach, and A. L. Baily. 1953. The Red Crossbills of Colorado. Mus. Pictorial No. 9. Denver Museum of Natural History. Denver, CO.
Bailey, R. H. 1918. The raptorial birds of Iowa. Iowa Geol Surv Bull 6:174–177.
Bailey, W. 1915. The Plum Island night herons. Auk 32:424–441.
Bakermans, M. H., A. D. Rodewald, and A. C. Vitz. 2012. Influence of forest structure on density and nest success of mature forest birds in managed landscapes. J Wildl Manage 76:1225–1234.
Baldassarre, G. A. and E. G. Bolen. 1994. Waterfowl Ecology and Management. John Wiley and Sons, NY.
Bannor, B. K. and E. Kiviat. 2002. Common Gallinule (Gallinula galeata). A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). In Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.685
Barclay, J. H. and T. J. Cade. 1983. Restoration of the Peregrine Falcon in the eastern United States. Bird Conserv 1:3–37.
Barlow, J. C. 1980. Patterns of ecological interactions among migrant and resident vireos on the wintering grounds. Pp. 79–107. In A. Keast and E. S. Morton (Eds.). Migrant Birds in the Neotropics: Ecology, Behavior, Distribution, and Conservation. Smithsonian Inst Press, Washington, D.C.
Barlow, J. C. and S. N. Leckie. 2000. Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus). In A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.560
Barrows, W. B. 1889. The English Sparrow in North America, especially in its relations to agriculture. USDA, Div Econ Ornithol Mammal Bull 1:1–405.
Bart, J., B. Andres, S. Brown, G. Donaldson, B. Harrington, V. Johnston, S. Jones, R. I. G. Morrison, and S. K. Skagen. 2005. The program for regional and international shorebird monitoring (PRISM). Pp. 893–901. In C. J. Ralph and T. D. Rich (Eds.). Bird conservation implementation and integration in the Americas. Vol. 2. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-GTR-191. Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, USA.
Bartos, S. and J. S. Greenlaw. 2020. Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus). In P. G. Rodewald (Ed.). Version 1.0. Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.spotow.01
Baynard, E. O. 1913. Home life of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis autumnolis). Wilson Bull 20:103–117.
Beal, F. E. L. 1911. Food of the woodpeckers of the United States. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Biol Survey Bull 37.
Beal, F. E. L. 1922. Some common birds useful to the farmer. U.S.D.A. Farmers’ Bull 630.
Beason, R. C. 1995. Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris). In A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.195
Beason, R. C. and E. C. Franks. 1974. Breeding behavior of the Horned Lark. Auk 91:65–74.
Bechard, M. J., C. S. Houston, J. H. Saransola, and A. S. England. 2010. Swainson’s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.265
Beck, G. G., A. R. Couturier, C. M. Francis, and S. Leckie. 2018. North American Ornithological Atlas Committee Handbook: A Guide for Managers on the Planning and Implementation of a Breeding Bird Atlas Project. Bird Studies Canada, Port Rowan, Ontario. 148 pp.
Becker, D. M. and C. H. Sieg. 1985. Breeding chronology and reproductive success of Richardson’s Merlins in Southeastern Montana. Raptor Res 19:52–55.
Bednarz, J. C. 1979. I. Productivity, nest sites, and habitat of Red-shouldered and Red-tailed Hawks in Iowa, and II. Status, habitat utilization, and management of Red-shouldered Hawks in Iowa. Ph.D. Diss., Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Bednarz, J. C. and J. J. Dinsmore. 1981. Status, habitat use, and management of Red-shouldered Hawks in Iowa. J Wildl Manage 45:236–241.
Bednarz, J. C. and J. J. Dinsmore. 1982. Nest sites and habitat of Red-shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus) and Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) in Iowa, USA. Wilson Bull 94:31–45.
Beissinger, S. R. and D. R. Osborne. 1982. Effects of urbanization on avian community organization. Condor 84:75–83.
Belles-Isles, J. C. and J. Picman. 1986. House Wren nest-destroying behavior. Condor 88:190–193.
Bellrose, F. C. 1980. Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America. Rev. ed. Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, PA.
Bellrose, F. C. and D. J. Holm. 1994. Ecology and Management of the Wood Duck. Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, PA.
Belthoff, J. R. and G. Ritchison. 1990. Nest-site selection by Eastern Screech-Owls in central Kentucky. Condor 92:982–990.
Benkman, C. W. 1990. Foraging rates and the timing of crossbill reproduction. Auk 107:376–386.
Bennett, L. J. 1934. Notes on nesting waterfowl and other marsh nesting birds in northwest Iowa. Oologist 51:101–104.
Bennett, L. J. 1937. Canvasback breeding in Iowa. Auk 54:534.
Bennett, L. J. 1938. Redheads and Ruddy Ducks nesting in Iowa. Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference 3:647–650.
Bent, A. C. 1926. Life histories of North American marsh birds. U.S. Natl Mus Bull 135.
Bent, A. C. 1937. Life histories of North American birds of prey, Pt. 1. U.S. Natl Mus Bull 167.
Bent, A. C. 1948. Life histories of North American nuthatches, wrens, thrashers, and their allies. U.S. Natl Mus Bull 195.
Bergman, R. D., P. Swain, and M. W. Weller. 1970. A comparative study of nesting Forster’s and Black terns. Wilson Bull 82:435–444.
Best, L. B. and D. F. Stauffer. 1980. Factors affecting nesting success in riparian bird communities. Condor 82:149–157.
Best, L. B. and D. F. Stauffer. 1986. Factors confounding evaluation of bird-habitat relationships. Pp. 209–216. In J. Verner, M. L. Morrison, and C. J. Ralph (Eds.). Wildlife 2000: Modeling Habitat Relationships of Terrestrial Vertebrates. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.
Best, L. B., H. Campa III, K. E. Kemp, R. J. Robel, M. R. Ryan, J. A. Savidge, H. P. Weeks, Jr., and S. R. Winterstein. 1997. Bird abundance and nesting in CRP fields and cropland in the Midwest: A regional approach. Wildl Soc Bull 25:864–877.
Bierregaard, R. O., A. F. Poole, M. S. Martell, P. Pyle, and M. A. Patten. 2016. Osprey (Pandion haliaetus). In P. G. Rodewald (Ed.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.683
Bildstein, K. L. and K. D. Meyer. 2000. Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus). In A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.482
Bird, D. M. and R. S. Palmer. 1988. American Kestrel. In Palmer, R. S. (Ed.). Pp. 253–290. Handbook of North American Birds. Vol. 5. Diurnal Raptors. Pt. 2. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
BirdLife International. 2016. Ardea herodias. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22696998A93597223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696998A93597223.e
Bishop, R. 1978. Giant Canada Geese in Iowa. Iowa Conservationist 37:5–12.
Bishop, R. A. 1981. Iowa’s wetlands. Proc Iowa Acad Sci 88:11–16.
Blake, J. G. and J. R. Karr. 1984. Species composition of bird communities and the conservation benefit of large versus small forests. Biolog Conserv 30:173–187.
Blokpoel, H. and G. D. Tessier. 1987. Control of Ring-billed Gull colonies at urban and industrial sites in southern Ontario, Canada. Proceedings of the 3rd Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference, Gulf Shores, AL
Bloom, P. H. 1994. The biology and current status of the Long-eared Owl in coastal southern California. Bull S CA Acad Sci 93:1–12.
Boal, C. W. and R. W. Mannan. 1999. Comparative breeding ecology of Cooper’s Hawks in urban and exurban areas of southeastern Arizona. J Wildl Manage 63:77–84.
Bock, C. E. and B. Webb. 1984. Birds as grazing indicator species in southeastern Arizona. J Wildl Manage 48:1045–1049.
Bock, C. E. and L. W. Lepthien. 1976. Synchronous eruptions of boreal seed-eating birds. Am Nat 110:559–579.
Boe, J. S. 1992. Wetland selection by Eared Grebes, Podiceps nigricollis, Minnesota. Can Field-Nat 106:480–488.
Boe, J. S. 1993. Colony site selection by Eared Grebes in Minnesota. Colon Waterbird 16:28–38.
Boe, J. S. 1994. Nest site selection by Eared Grebes in Minnesota. Condor 96:19–35.
Bogenschutz, T. (Ed.). 2013. Upland Wildlife. 2013. Trends in Iowa wildlife populations and harvest: 2012. Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines.
Bogner, H. E. and G. A. Baldassarre. 2002. The effectiveness of call-response surveys for detecting Least Bitterns. J Wildl Manage 66:976–984.
Bohlen, H. D. 1989. The Birds of Illinois. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.
Bolen, E. G. 1967. The ecology of the Black-bellied Whistling-Duck in southern Texas. Ph.D. Diss., Utah State University, Logan, UT.
Bolen, E. G. 1971. Pair bond tenure in Black-bellied Tree Duck. J Wildl Manage 35:385–388.
Bolen, E. G. and B. W. Cain. 1968. Mixed wood duck-tree duck clutch in Texas. Condor 70:389–390.
Bolen, E. G., B. McDaniel, and C. Cottam. 1964. Natural History of the Black-bellied Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) in southern Texas. Southwest Nat 9:78–88.
Bollinger, E. K. and T. A. Gavin. 1992. Eastern Bobolink populations: Ecology and conservation in an agricultural landscape. Pp. 497–506. In J. M. Hagan III and D. W. Johnston (Eds.). Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Landbirds. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D.C.
Bonar, R. L. 2000. Availability of Pileated Woodpecker cavities and use by other species. J Wildl Manage 64:52–59.
Bonney, R. E. 1988. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. Pp. 430–431. In R. F. Anderle and J. R. Carroll (Eds.). The Atlas of Breeding Birds in New York State. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
Bosakowski, T., R. Kane, and D. G. Smith. 1989. Status and management of Long-eared Owl in New Jersey. Rec New Jersey Birds 15:42–46.
Brackbill, H. 1970. Tufted Titmouse breeding behavior. Auk 87:522–536.
Brawn, J. D. 1998. Effects of Oak Savannah restoration on avian populations and communities in Illinois. Final Report, Illinois Natural History Survey. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL
Brawn, J. D. and S. K. Robinson. 1996. Source-sink population dynamics may complicate the interpretation of long-term census data. Ecology 77:3–12.
Brees, A. 2003. Iowa Christmas bird count, 2002–2003. Iowa Bird Life 73:39–44.
Brenowitz, E. A., K. Lent, and D. E. Kroodsma. 1995. Brain space for learned song in birds develops independently of song learning. J Neurosci 15:6281–6286.
Brewer, R. 1963. Ecological and reproductive relationships of Black-capped and Carolina Chickadees. Auk 80:9–47.
Brewer, R., G. A. McPeek, and R. J. Adams. 1991. The Atlas of Breeding Birds of Michigan. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing.
Brigham, R. M., J. Ng, R. G. Poulin, and S. D. Grindal. 2011. Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.213
Brittingham, M. C. and S. A. Temple. 1983. Have cowbirds caused forest songbirds to decline? BioScience 33:31–35.
Brown, C. R. and M. B. Brown. 1995. Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota). In A. F. Pool and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.149
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Brown, M. and J. J. Dinsmore. 1986. Implications of marsh size and isolation for marsh bird management. J Wildl Manage 50:392–397.
Brown, W. H. 1956. Yellow-crowned Night-Heron nesting in the city of Des Moines. Iowa Bird Life 26:57–59.
Brown, W. H. 1971. An annotated list of the birds of Iowa. Iowa State J Sci 34:387–469.
Brown, W.H. 1961. Yellow-crowned Night Heron in Iowa. Iowa Bird Life 31:26–27.
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Brush, T. 1994. Effects of competition and predation on Prothonotary Warblers and House Wrens nesting in eastern Iowa. J Iowa Acad Sci 101:28–30.
Bryant, A. A. 1986. Influence of selective logging on Red-shouldered Hawks, Buteo lineatus, in Waterloo region, Ontario, 1953–1978. Can Field-Naturalist 100:520–525.
Buehler, D. A. 2000. Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). In A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill (Eds.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.506
Buehler, D. A., P. B. Hamel, and T. Boves. 2013. Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.511
Buitron, D. 1983. Extra-pair courtship in Black-billed Magpies. Anim Behav 31:211–220.
Buitron, D. 1988. Female and male specialization in parental care and its consequences in Black-billed Magpies. Condor 90:29–39.
Bull, E. L. and J. A. Jackson. 2011. Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 2.0. The Birds of North America. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.148
Bull, E. L., C. G. Parks, and T. R. Torgersen. 1997. Trees and logs important to wildlife in the interior Columbia River basin. For Serv Gen Tech Rep. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Portland, OR.
Burger, J. and M. Gochfeld. 2020. Franklin’s Gull (Leucophaeus pipixcan). In A. F. Poole (Ed.). Version 1.0. The Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.fragul.01
Burhans, D. E. and F. R. Thompson III. 1999. Habitat patch size and nesting success of Yellow-breasted Chats. Wilson Bull 111:210–215.
Burke, D. M. and E. Nol. 2000. Landscape and fragment size effects on reproductive success of forest-breeding birds in Ontario. Ecolog Applic 10:1749–1761.
Burns, J. T. 1982. Nests, territories, and reproduction of Sedge Wrens (Cistothorus platensis). Wilson Bull 94:338–349.
Burns, J. T. 1983. Mate switching in House Wrens. Ph.D. Diss., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Butts, W. K. 1931. A study of the chickadee and White-breasted Nuthatch by means of marked individuals. Part III: The White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis cookei). Bird Banding 2:59–76.
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Cade, T. J., J. H. Enderson, C. G. Thelander, and C. M. White. 1988. Peregrine Falcon populations: Their management and recovery. The Peregrine Fund, Inc. Boise, ID.
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Carroll, J. P. 1992. A model of Gray Partridge (Perdix perdix) population dynamics in North Dakota. Pp. 337–349. Perdix VI, First International Partridge, Quail, and Francolin Symposium. Vol. 9. Gibier Faune Sauvage, Fordingbridge, England.
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Carroll, J. P. and R. D. Crawford. 1991. Roadside nesting by Gray Partridge in north-central North Dakota. Wildl Soc Bull 19:286–291.
Carroll, J. P., R. D. Crawford, and J. W. Schulz. 1990. Nesting and brood-rearing ecology of Gray Partridge in North Dakota. Pp. 272–294. In Perdix V: Gray Partridge and Ring-necked Pheasant Workshop. Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks, Emporia, KS.
Castrale, J. S., E. M. Hopkins, and C. E. Keller. 1998. Atlas of Breeding Birds of Indiana. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Indianapolis.
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Caswell, B., T. Schilke, and S. J. Dinsmore. 2016. Merlins nesting in eastern Iowa. Iowa Bird Life 86:135–137.
Cecil, R. 1985. Prairie Warbler in Lee County. Iowa Bird Life 55:98.
Cecil, R. 1988. Double-brooding by Worm-eating Warbler in Lee County. Iowa Bird Life 58:60.
Cecil, R. I. 1999. Field Reports—Winter 1998–1999. Iowa Bird Life 69:63–72.
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